<p class="Head1"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_BRACKETS_TBX"/><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_BRACKETS_CAT"/><help:key-word value="brackets; in %PRODUCTNAME Math" tag="kw67341_1"/><help:link Id="67341">Brackets</help:link></p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-text value="visible">You can choose among various bracket types to structure a <span style="font-weight:bold;"><help:productname>%PRODUCTNAME</help:productname> Math</span> formula. Some bracket types are displayed in the lower part of the Selection window.</help:help-text> These brackets are also listed in the <help:popup Id="65630" Eid="kontextmenue">context menu</help:popup> of the <span style="font-weight:bold;">Commands</span> window. All brackets that are not contained in the Selection window or in the context menu can be entered manually in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph">Following is a complete list of all available bracket types. The icon next to the bracket type indicates that it can be accessed via the Selection window (menu View - Selection) or via the context menu of the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; round (Math)" tag="kw67341_43" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts a placeholder within normal <span class="T1">round brackets</span>.</help:help-text> You can also directly enter <span class="T1">(<?>)</span> in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; square (Math)" tag="kw67341_42" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts a placeholder within <span class="T1">square brackets</span>.</help:help-text> You can also directly enter <span class="T1">[<?>]</span> in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; double square (Math)" tag="kw67341_41" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts a placeholder within <span class="T1">double square brackets</span>.</help:help-text> You can also directly enter <span class="T1">ldbracket <?> rdbracket</span> in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="braces" tag="kw67341_40" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="brackets; braces" tag="kw67341_39" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Use this icon to insert a placeholder in <span class="T1">braces</span>.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">lbrace<?>rbrace</span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="lines; single lines (Math)" tag="kw67341_38" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Use this icon to insert a placeholder in <span class="T1">single lines</span>.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">lline <?> rline</span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="lines; double lines (Math)" tag="kw67341_37" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Use this icon to insert a placeholder in <span class="T1">double lines</span>.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">ldline <?> rdline</span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; angle (Math)" tag="kw67341_36" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Use this icon to insert a placeholder in <span class="T1">angle brackets</span>.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">langle <?> rangle</span> in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; operator (Math)" tag="kw67341_35" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="brackets; angle with operator" tag="kw67341_34" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Use this icon to insert a placeholder in <span class="T1">operator brackets</span>.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">langle <?> mline <?> rangle</span> in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; group" tag="kw67341_33" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="grouping brackets" tag="kw67341_32" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Use this icon to insert <span class="T1">group brackets</span>.</help:help-text> You can also directly enter <span class="T1">{<?>}</span> in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; scalable round" tag="kw67341_31" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="round brackets; scalable" tag="kw67341_30" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts <span class="T1">scalable rounded brackets</span> with a placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also directly enter <span class="T1">left(<?> right)</span> in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; scalable square" tag="kw67341_29" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="square brackets; scalable" tag="kw67341_28" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts <span class="T1">scalable square brackets</span> with placeholders.</help:help-text> You can also directly enter <span class="T1">left[<?> right]</span> in the Commands window. The size of the brackets is adjusted automatically.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; scalable double square" tag="kw67341_27" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="double square brackets; scalable" tag="kw67341_26" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Use this symbol to insert <span class="T1">scalable double square brackets</span> with placeholders.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">left ldbracket <?> right rdbracket</span> directly in the Commands window. The bracket size is adjusted automatically.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; scalable braces" tag="kw67341_25" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="braces; scalable" tag="kw67341_24" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts <span class="T1">scalable braces</span> with a placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also directly enter <span class="T1">left lbrace <?> right rbrace</span> in the Commands window. The size of the braces is automatically adjusted.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="lines; scalable single" tag="kw67341_23" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts <span class="T1">scalable single lines</span> with a placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also directly enter <span class="T1">left lline <?> right rline</span> in the Commands window. The size of the brackets is automatically adjusted.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="lines; double scalable" tag="kw67341_22" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts <span class="T1">double lines</span> with a placeholder.</help:help-text> <text:s text:c="" xmlns:text="http://openoffice.org/2000/text"/>You can also directly enter <span class="T1">left ldline <?> right rdline</span> in the Commands window. The size of the brackets is automatically adjusted.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; scalable angle" tag="kw67341_21" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts <span class="T1">scalable angle brackets</span> with placeholders.</help:help-text> You can also directly enter <span class="T1">left langle <?> right rangle</span> in the Commands window. The size of the brackets is automatically adjusted.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; scalable operator" tag="kw67341_20" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="operator brackets; scalable" tag="kw67341_19" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts <span class="T1">scalable operator brackets</span> with placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">left langle <?> mline <?> right rangle</span> in the Commands window. The bracket size is adjusted automatically.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; scalable top brace" tag="kw67341_18" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="brace; scalable top" tag="kw67341_17" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Use this symbol to insert a <span class="T1">scalable horizontal upper brace</span> with placeholders.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1"><?> overbrace <?></span> directly in the Commands window. The bracket size is adjusted automatically.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; scalable bottom brace" tag="kw67341_16" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="brace; scalable bottom" tag="kw67341_15" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Use this symbol to insert a <span class="T1">scalable horizontal lower brace</span> with placeholders.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1"><?> underbrace <?></span> directly in the Commands window. The bracket size is adjusted automatically.</p>
</span></th></tr></table>
<p class="Paragraph"/>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_LRFLOORX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="floor; lines with" tag="kw67341_14" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="lines; with bottom edges" tag="kw67341_13" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Enter <span class="T1">lfloor<?>rfloor</span> directly in the Commands window to insert <span class="T1">left and right lines with integer floor</span> with a placeholder between them.</help:help-text> Entry without the placeholder is also possible.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"/>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_LRCEILX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="ceiling; lines with" tag="kw67341_12" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="lines; with top edges" tag="kw67341_11" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Enter <span class="T1">lceil<?>rceil</span> directly in the Commands window to insert <span class="T1">left and right lines with integer ceiling</span> and a placeholder between them.</help:help-text> Entry without the placeholder is also possible.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"/>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_SLRFLOORX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="floor; scalable lines with" tag="kw67341_10" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="lines; scalable with bottom edges" tag="kw67341_9" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Enter <span class="T1">left lfloor<?>right rfloor</span>directly in the Commands window to insert <span class="T1">scalable left and right lines with integer floor</span> with a placeholder between them.</help:help-text> Entry is also possible without a placeholder.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"/>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_SLRCEILX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="ceiling; scalable lines with" tag="kw67341_8" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="lines; scalable with top edges" tag="kw67341_7" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Enter <span class="T1">left lceil <?> right rceil</span>directly in the Commands window to insert <span class="T1">scalable left and right lines with integer ceiling</span> with a placeholder between them.</help:help-text> Entry is also possible without a placeholder.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="scalable brackets" tag="kw67341_6" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="automatic bracket scaling" tag="kw67341_5" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="brackets; automatic scaling" tag="kw67341_4" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/>Brackets are automatically sized when you put <span class="T1">left</span> and <span class="T1">right</span> in front of them, e.g. left(a over b right). To set the size and spacing, choose <span class="T1">Format - Spacing - Category - Brackets</span>. At <span class="T1">Excess size (left/right)</span>, enter 5%, for example, then mark the <span class="T1">Scale all brackets</span> check box and enter 0% at <span class="T1">Excess size</span> there. The result you achieve by this is: left (left (left ((((a over b))) right) right) right).</p>
</span></th></tr></table>
<p class="Paragraph"/>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="brackets; single, without group function" tag="kw67341_3" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="single brackets; without group function" tag="kw67341_2" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/>You can also use brackets without a group function, i.e. individually. To do this, set a backslash <span class="T1">\</span> in front of the command. For example, when you enter <span class="T1">\[</span>, the left square bracket appears without its counterpart. You can thus reverse brackets using the backslash, e.g. <span class="T1">\]\[</span> sets the brackets back to back. This is good for constructing intervals, for instance. Try the following example of an open interval: <span class="T1">\]a;b\[=lbrace x \lline a<x<b rbrace</span>. (Use copy and paste.) Only non-scalable brackets can be used individually. To change the size, you must use the <span class="T1">size</span> command, e.g. <span class="T1">size 50 \[</span>.</p>
<p class="Paragraph">Be sure to put spaces (gaps) between elements when entering them directly in the Commands window. This ensures that the correct structure is recognized.</p>
</span></th></tr></table>
<p class="Paragraph"/>
<p class="Paragraph">For further information about <span class="T1">Formatting in <help:productname xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">%PRODUCTNAME</help:productname> Math</span>, click <help:link Id="67338" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">this Hyperlink</help:link>.</p>
<p class="Paragraph">Useful information about <help:link Id="67300" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">indexes and exponents</help:link> as well as <help:link Id="67321" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">scaling</help:link> helps you structure formulas effectively. For more information see <help:link Id="67338" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Brackets and Groups</help:link>.</p>